Combined Conjugate Vaccines: Enhanced Immunogenicity with the N19 Polyepitope as a Carrier Protein

Combined conjugate vaccines: enhanced immunogenicity with the N19 polyepitope as a carrier protein.

The N19 polyepitope, consisting of a sequential string of universal human CD4(+)-T-cell epitopes, was tested as a carrier protein in a formulation of combined glycoconjugate vaccines containing the capsular polysaccharides (PSs) of Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y. Good antibody responses to all four polysaccharides were induced by one single immunization of mice with N19-ba...

Effect of carrier priming on immunogenicity of saccharide-protein conjugate vaccines.

Previous studies with saccharide-protein conjugates have demonstrated that antibody responses to the saccharide can be improved by the preexistence of carrier immunity. Here we report that prior exposure to the carrier protein can either enhance or suppress antibody response to polysaccharides administered in saccharide-protein conjugates. A dose-dependent role for carrier priming in the antisa...

Factors contributing to the immunogenicity of meningococcal conjugate vaccines

Various glycoprotein conjugate vaccines have been developed for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease, having significant advantages over pure polysaccharide vaccines. One of the most important features of the conjugate vaccines is the induction of a T-cell dependent immune response, which enables both the induction of immune memory and a booster response after repeated immunization....

Conjugate and Polysaccharide Vaccines Conjugate and Polysaccharide Vaccines, Plenary Review Meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines

Bacterial polysaccharide±protein conjugate vaccines*

The age-related and T-cell independent properties of polysaccharides limit their use as vaccines. These limitations are overcome by covalently binding polysaccharides to proteins to form conjugates. Widespread use of Haemophilus in ̄uenzae type b (Hib) conjugates has virtually eliminated systemic infection caused by this pathogen, notably meningitis, in individuals of all ages. The principles de...